There are several makers producing compact versions of motorcycle tubeless tire puncture repair kits.
One such product is the SLUG PLUG (Slug Plug) from a brand called RYDER,
and while it's debatable whether it actually resembles a slug,
the repair material—a sticky, tube-shaped compound—is folded in half using a tool like a seam ripper,
then simply stabbed into the puncture site on the tire
to seal the air leak.
Addendum: On the meaning of "slug"
"In this case, 'slug' likely refers more to the action of jabbing forcefully
rather than the creature slug.
The word 'slug' also means a lump of metal or the act of striking hard.
There's a type of shotgun ammunition called slug rounds,
which fire a single large metal projectile rather than fine pellets."
I received this comment.
I noticed this afterwards and came back to add a note, but
it also occurred to me that the SLUG PLUG container
resembles a kind of slug round (projectile)
fairly closely, so that may be why it was named that way.
When unused, the SLUG PLUG fits inside a capsule-like container,
and the maker offers a dedicated holder that attaches to the bottle cage holes.
One side holds the SLUG PLUG case,
while the other side accommodates a CO2 cartridge case.
SLUG PLUG can only be used for emergency puncture repairs on tubeless, low-pressure tires
with a sufficiently large volume,
so it can't be used on road bikes.
On MTBs and fairly wide gravel tires, you can barely use it.
The dedicated holder I mentioned earlier
has a version that holds CO2 cartridges on both sides,

and this time I bought one for personal use.
It's a product called the RYDER Slider.
CO2 cartridge mounts for bottle cage holes with similar specifications
are made by Barbieri and Minoura,
but I'd never bought one because they're made of metal and heavy, and the look is busy (←personal opinion).
Also, I didn't like the appearance of two cartridges hanging there,
so I was looking for something cantilevered with a single cartridge.

It's the RYDER SLIDER.
There's no wordplay in spelling it "SLIDER" from the brand name—
no rhyming like with SLUG PLUG.
On a completely unrelated note, there's a brand called BRODIE (or BRODY)
that makes chromoly and titanium frames,
primarily focusing on MTB-style frames,
with drop-bar models currently only available as gravel bikes.
BRODIE had a titanium road frame model until 2017
called RODIE—spelled by dropping the B from the brand name
to be read as "Rodie".
The correct spelling of "roadie" is "roadie," but
it's clearly a play on words, not a typo.
As I've mentioned before, RockShox's SID front suspension fork
had a Sydney Olympics commemorative model
called SIDNEY,
but the correct spelling of Sydney is "sydney".

The base plate attaches to the bottle cage hole,
and the cartridge holder slides into this plate—a patented design
that turned out to be quite well thought out.

I attached a CO2 cartridge to the holder.
The threaded end must face the opposite side from the RYDER marking on the holder.
The holder's grip is slightly tight—tight enough to peel stickers off the cartridge during installation—
but in return, there's no rattle or looseness.

When you slide the cartridge holder with the cartridge attached
into the slot of the base plate,
it clicks and holds firmly in place.
You might wonder why I said "with the cartridge attached"—
Initially, just the base plate and holder out of the package
felt loose when inserted,
and I thought, "There's no way this won't rattle and come loose with vibration!"
But then...

The holder alone has play in the slot,

but when you add the cartridge, the holder deforms subtly to sandwich the slot,
and the play disappears.
This appears to be intentional design,
and the dramatic change in feel impressed me.

The slot has a dead end, so the insertion direction is fixed,
but you can choose which way to orient the holder.
The holder also serves as a cover
to prevent the cartridge surface from getting cold enough
to cause frostbite-like contact with your skin during use.

According to the package diagram, one end of the cartridge has
the cartridge adapter left on it, but

if you screw it in just enough to not puncture the cartridge,

it spins freely and won't lock in place.
This is a Toni push-type, but is there a different type of adapter
that can lock in place without puncturing the cartridge?
I doubt the package diagram shows a punctured cartridge being carried around...

I installed it.
The base plate is bent.

This is a Topeak bottle cage hole adapter
designed to have a floor pump sit on top (meaning you can't use it with a bottle cage),

and the frame contact surface is rounded.
When you tighten it hard, the base plate deforms.

I filed down the rounded edge to make it straight.

According to the package diagram, the side marked RYDER
should face outward when installed.

↑This should normally be the outward-facing side,

and the side that contacts the frame has a recess
to accommodate the bulge of the bottle cage hole rivets,

so I filled that in with a properly sized metal washer

and installed the base plate in the opposite orientation.

↑Now the base plate is perfectly flat.

Since I plan to mount only one cartridge, I've positioned
the base plate all the way to the right.

↑Like this.
There's more than enough clearance with the left crank.
Even if a power meter is mounted, there should be no interference.
Bonus

↑This is a product from Profile Design called
the CO2 Mount Kit Air Cartridge Adapter.

One adapter accommodates one cartridge,
and it attaches to the bottle cage holes
something like in the image above,

but when using a single cartridge,
a spacer of equal thickness to the adapter is included,

↑so you install it like this.

The thing is, with just one bolt holding it, it can rotate from the installed position.
In the image above, you can see evidence of using a toothed washer as a countermeasure.
One such product is the SLUG PLUG (Slug Plug) from a brand called RYDER,
and while it's debatable whether it actually resembles a slug,
the repair material—a sticky, tube-shaped compound—is folded in half using a tool like a seam ripper,
then simply stabbed into the puncture site on the tire
to seal the air leak.
Addendum: On the meaning of "slug"
"In this case, 'slug' likely refers more to the action of jabbing forcefully
rather than the creature slug.
The word 'slug' also means a lump of metal or the act of striking hard.
There's a type of shotgun ammunition called slug rounds,
which fire a single large metal projectile rather than fine pellets."
I received this comment.
I noticed this afterwards and came back to add a note, but
it also occurred to me that the SLUG PLUG container
resembles a kind of slug round (projectile)
fairly closely, so that may be why it was named that way.
When unused, the SLUG PLUG fits inside a capsule-like container,
and the maker offers a dedicated holder that attaches to the bottle cage holes.
One side holds the SLUG PLUG case,
while the other side accommodates a CO2 cartridge case.
SLUG PLUG can only be used for emergency puncture repairs on tubeless, low-pressure tires
with a sufficiently large volume,
so it can't be used on road bikes.
On MTBs and fairly wide gravel tires, you can barely use it.
The dedicated holder I mentioned earlier
has a version that holds CO2 cartridges on both sides,

and this time I bought one for personal use.
It's a product called the RYDER Slider.
CO2 cartridge mounts for bottle cage holes with similar specifications
are made by Barbieri and Minoura,
but I'd never bought one because they're made of metal and heavy, and the look is busy (←personal opinion).
Also, I didn't like the appearance of two cartridges hanging there,
so I was looking for something cantilevered with a single cartridge.

It's the RYDER SLIDER.
There's no wordplay in spelling it "SLIDER" from the brand name—
no rhyming like with SLUG PLUG.
On a completely unrelated note, there's a brand called BRODIE (or BRODY)
that makes chromoly and titanium frames,
primarily focusing on MTB-style frames,
with drop-bar models currently only available as gravel bikes.
BRODIE had a titanium road frame model until 2017
called RODIE—spelled by dropping the B from the brand name
to be read as "Rodie".
The correct spelling of "roadie" is "roadie," but
it's clearly a play on words, not a typo.
As I've mentioned before, RockShox's SID front suspension fork
had a Sydney Olympics commemorative model
called SIDNEY,
but the correct spelling of Sydney is "sydney".

The base plate attaches to the bottle cage hole,
and the cartridge holder slides into this plate—a patented design
that turned out to be quite well thought out.

I attached a CO2 cartridge to the holder.
The threaded end must face the opposite side from the RYDER marking on the holder.
The holder's grip is slightly tight—tight enough to peel stickers off the cartridge during installation—
but in return, there's no rattle or looseness.

When you slide the cartridge holder with the cartridge attached
into the slot of the base plate,
it clicks and holds firmly in place.
You might wonder why I said "with the cartridge attached"—
Initially, just the base plate and holder out of the package
felt loose when inserted,
and I thought, "There's no way this won't rattle and come loose with vibration!"
But then...

The holder alone has play in the slot,

but when you add the cartridge, the holder deforms subtly to sandwich the slot,
and the play disappears.
This appears to be intentional design,
and the dramatic change in feel impressed me.

The slot has a dead end, so the insertion direction is fixed,
but you can choose which way to orient the holder.
The holder also serves as a cover
to prevent the cartridge surface from getting cold enough
to cause frostbite-like contact with your skin during use.

According to the package diagram, one end of the cartridge has
the cartridge adapter left on it, but

if you screw it in just enough to not puncture the cartridge,

it spins freely and won't lock in place.
This is a Toni push-type, but is there a different type of adapter
that can lock in place without puncturing the cartridge?
I doubt the package diagram shows a punctured cartridge being carried around...

I installed it.
The base plate is bent.

This is a Topeak bottle cage hole adapter
designed to have a floor pump sit on top (meaning you can't use it with a bottle cage),

and the frame contact surface is rounded.
When you tighten it hard, the base plate deforms.

I filed down the rounded edge to make it straight.

According to the package diagram, the side marked RYDER
should face outward when installed.

↑This should normally be the outward-facing side,

and the side that contacts the frame has a recess
to accommodate the bulge of the bottle cage hole rivets,

so I filled that in with a properly sized metal washer

and installed the base plate in the opposite orientation.

↑Now the base plate is perfectly flat.

Since I plan to mount only one cartridge, I've positioned
the base plate all the way to the right.

↑Like this.
There's more than enough clearance with the left crank.
Even if a power meter is mounted, there should be no interference.
Bonus

↑This is a product from Profile Design called
the CO2 Mount Kit Air Cartridge Adapter.

One adapter accommodates one cartridge,
and it attaches to the bottle cage holes
something like in the image above,

but when using a single cartridge,
a spacer of equal thickness to the adapter is included,

↑so you install it like this.

The thing is, with just one bolt holding it, it can rotate from the installed position.
In the image above, you can see evidence of using a toothed washer as a countermeasure.